Читать книгу: «The American Missionary. Volume 43, No. 07, July, 1889», страница 2

INDUSTRY AND SKILL OF THE NEGRO

In replacing the burned portion of our building at Le Moyne Institute, Memphis, Tenn., the work was done by colored men. The Principal of the Institute says that, "though the job was far from simple, not a single error or mistake has occurred from beginning to end to mar our satisfaction at its successful completion."

The architect who drew the plan expressed considerable anxiety lest a colored mechanic with all colored assistants should not prove equal to so large and important an undertaking. The result shows how unfounded were his forebodings.

The job is done, and well done, and with so much expedition that in sixty days after the fire they were moving into the reconstructed and improved building. Every one who has had any hand in the work has seemed personally interested and anxious to expedite the work, from the architect and lumber dealer to the commonest laborer.

Superintendent Hall writes:

Testimony as to the working power and will of the Negro is to be had on all sides whenever a person speaks honestly.

A professional gentleman in Andersonville operates five large plantations without any white overseer except himself, and is making money from the land. He states his principle to be: "I make a short, clear contract with the Negroes and do exactly what I promise, and I require the same execution of their side of the bargain. And I pay them just what I agree to pay them. They work six days every week. I give them a chance to attend a funeral or church service if they keep up the work."

A prominent contractor, builder and brick-maker in Thomasville, Ga., employs from one hundred to three hundred Negroes constantly in all branches of his business. He says: "They are a patient, reliable class of workers. If a man will be fair with them and do as he agrees, he will never have trouble. They are not cranky as some white workmen. They do the finest part of mason's and carpenter's work well."

These two men are native Southerners, whose parents were large slave owners.

Fault is found with the Negro on the coast line, wherever the turpentine business exists, because he will not work on the plantations. The turpentine work with its "boxing," "scraping," "gathering" and "distilling," is all piece-work, paid in cash. The Negroes are among the trees before daylight and work till dark. By so doing they earn 75c., $1.00 or $1.25 per day. The plantations pay "rations"—a peck of common meal and four pounds of bacon per week, and 35c. to 50c. per day, the latter mostly in promises.

A lady in New Orleans who keeps a popular boarding house for tourists said, when Straight University was mentioned, "Just as soon as a colored girl goes to school she is good for nothing afterward. She won't work. I've lost several bright, likely girls that way." Inquiry shows that the lady pays five dollars per month and requires the help to sleep at home. A constant demand is made on our Normal Department for teachers for from twenty to forty dollars per month. Strange that educated colored young men and women will not "work!"

PARAGRAPHS

Dr. Roy, in his lantern lectures, sometimes meets with pleasant incidents. Recently, at East Saginaw, before the General Association of Michigan, coming to Fisk University on his programme, he had brought on his canvas pictures of the Jubilee Singers, Jubilee and Livingstone Halls and of Jowett, one of the students, and when he came to present Mr. Ousley and his wife, a venerable man jumped up and remarked, "We received Mr. Ousley and his wife at the Zulu Mission on their way to East Central Africa. So also Miss Jones. Within two weeks I have received from Mr. Ousley his photograph." This man was Rev. Dr. Rood, for forty years a missionary among the Zulus, just now back to this country. After the lecture, Mr. Rood told Dr. Roy that Mr. Ousley was one of the most level-headed men in the mission, and so had been made the treasurer of the mission—a good tribute to one of Fisk's graduates.

Our readers will remember an account in our last month's magazine of a communion service held by Rev. T.L. Riggs at one of the out-stations where he was obliged to use the back of a hymnbook covered with a napkin for a plate, and a tin cup for a baptismal bowl. It gives us pleasure to say that Mr. Riggs has received from Mrs. Farnam of New Haven, a beautiful and complete traveling communion service closely packed in a small morocco case, with the needful linen, which also goes in the case. One piece fits into another in such a way that the whole service takes up scarcely more room than is required for the largest piece. Mrs. Farnam also sent suitable bags for the different pieces, so that Mr. Riggs, when he goes on horse-back can carry them in his saddle pouches. This is certainly the right gift in the right place.

The New York Sun says: The merchants of Chinatown have heard of the Johnstown disaster and have contributed their share to the relief of the survivors. Tom Lee explained the matter to them, and at a mass meeting at the Chinese municipal hall on Tuesday a subscription was opened. Here is a list of some of the subscribers: Tuck High, $15; Tom Lee, $50; Sang Chong, $15; Sinn Quong On, $15; Kwong Hing Lung, $15; Kwong Chin Cheong, $15; Yuet Sing, $10; Yuen Kee, $10; Wo Kee, $15; Ju Young Keau, $2; Wong Chin Foo, $3; Wing Wah Chong, $15; Jow Shing Pong, $3; Ham Lum Chin, $3; Mai Li Wa, $2; Kwong Yin Lung, $15; Quong Lung Yuen, $15 and Ung Wah, $10.

The New York Tribune says: It appears from a report made to the Presbyterian Assembly that the mountain districts of North Carolina, Southwest Virginia, Southern and Eastern Kentucky and Eastern Tennessee contain a population of about 2,000,000 white people, largely of Scotch Irish descent, of whom 70 per cent, can neither read nor write. This statement suggests the reflection that if there is one thing which is more essential than the education of the Southern Negroes it is the education of the Southern whites.

The Annual Meeting of the American Missionary Association will be held in Chicago, Ill., commencing October 29. Rev. R.R. Meredith, D.D., of Brooklyn, N.Y., will preach the sermon.

We would still call attention to our Leaflets for distribution in the pews on the taking of collections for our Association. We shall be happy to furnish them to those making application.

The New York Tribune says: "The Rev. Joseph Jordan, who was ordained in Philadelphia on Sunday, is the first colored man to enter the ministry of the Universalist Church. He is to engage in mission work in the South."

CASTE IN THE CHURCHES

OPINIONS OF THE RELIGIOUS PRESS

From The Congregationalist

If report be true, the South Carolina Episcopalians have compromised their difficulty in the matter of color in a manner which is not likely to be permanently satisfactory. A portion of the diocesan convention had seceded because the bishop declared that he could not exclude a regularly ordained minister who was black. The canon law now has been amended so as to exclude henceforth all other black men, and the seceders have returned, consenting to make the best of the one obnoxious colored man, but indignant because he has not been ejected. Whether the General Convention will endorse or repudiate this compromise remains to be seen. In either case the Episcopal branch of the church might as well abandon its efforts to make headway among the colored race in that State. So far as we can see, the bishop has made a manly stand, however, and deserves commendation and sympathy. But the seceders have shown a sad lack of the true spirit of Christ.

From The Advance

There have been in Georgia for ten or more years a number of Congregational churches and a State Congregational Association. This included, along with the pastors of colored churches, the President and some of the Professors in Atlanta University. Last year, when that interesting body of churches hitherto known as Congregational Methodists, saw fit to take measures for becoming in name as well as in fact Congregationalists, a "Georgia Congregational Conference" was formed, a committee was also appointed to confer with the previously existing Congregational Association, with a view to the right adjustment of relations between the members of the two organizations. We publish on another page the reply recently addressed by the "Association" to the "Conference," with a view to unity on terms that would be in themselves Christian and agreeable to both the parties interested, as well as acceptable to Congregationalists everywhere. All of our churches have an interest in a matter of such significance, as they would also be sensitive to the reproach of there being two distinct Congregational Associations in the same State, separated from each other on the un-Christian caste line of race and color. With the temper and spirit manifest in the communication referred to, it would seem that the way is now open for a happy consummation of Congregational fellowship in the State of Georgia, on terms which not only Congregationalists but Christians of every name at the North will warmly approve and applaud.

From The Independent

The members of the Presbyterian General Assembly can go home from New York assured that they have vindicated truth and righteousness. The one vital, vicious fault in the report of the Conference Committee of the Northern and Southern Presbyterian Churches on Co-operation was amended out of it and as it now stands adopted it gives not even by implication any support to the unchristian doctrine of separate presbyteries and synods for black and half-white Presbyterians.

When the General Assembly met a year ago the Church had been somewhat stirred up, though the leaders and editors generally seemed so anxious for a proud reunion that they were ready to forget the wrong proposed to the colored brothers. Indeed, a volunteer commission of editors and managers had gone all through the South visiting the synods of the Northern Church where the Negroes were in the majority, persuading them that it would be better for them to go by themselves and get their share of the honors. Not willing to be an obstacle, the Negroes had very generally yielded to the persuasions of their kind visitors.

But there were a number of earnest men who were not willing to yield the principle, and who would make a fight. It was the Centennial year, and the two Assemblies were meeting at the same time and in neighboring cities, ready to consummate the union if desired. But the previous discussion had stirred up the Southerners also, and they had discovered that the temper of the North was not all that had been represented. They were not at all sure that the color-line could be peacefully drawn. They had decided, therefore, not to unite. The report of the Committee of Conference was accordingly withdrawn, and the matter referred to another committee, which praised the fidelity of the Committee, declared it premature to act on their report, and approved "the general principles enumerated in the replies of the Committee," and recommended that the committee of thirteen be enlarged by the addition of five more men, and continued to devise methods of co-operation with the Southern Church. In fear of acrimonious discussion this was railroaded through in two minutes.

Well, the General Assembly has met again and the action taken by an overwhelming majority of the Assembly fills us with gratitude to God. The ticklish part of the report on co-operation was that, of course, on colored evangelization. Here the report first stated what had been the policy of the Southern Church for a separate Negro denomination, and then gave that of the Northern Church:

"The Northern Assembly, on the other hand, has pronounced itself as not in favor of setting off its colored members into a separate, independent organization; while by conceding the existing situation, it approves the policy of separate churches, presbyteries and synods, subject to the choice of the colored people themselves."

Only one of the seventeen, Elder S.M. Breckinridge, of St. Louis, signed a minority report.

It was fully expected that this report, so overwhelmingly recommended, would go through with a rush. The managers had so planned. The ex-Moderators, Smith, Crosby and Thompson, were in its favor. Dr. Crosby said he would as soon be in the Southern Church as in the Northern. All the prestige of good fellowship was in favor of the report as it was presented, and the Southern Assembly had adopted it by a large majority the day before.

The Rev. John Fox, of Allegheny, Penn., opened the opposition, opposing the report generally, and supporting Elder Breckinridge's minority report. It was a useful speech, and, though the sentiment of the Assembly was plainly opposed, it stemmed the tide awhile and prepared the way for what was to follow. Ex-Moderator Smith, of Baltimore, Chairman of the Northern Assembly's Committee, then defended his report and showed how much the Southern Assembly had yielded in accepting it. Then came the event of the day. The Rev. M. Woolsey Stryker, of Chicago, a young man of thirty-five, whom our readers will remember as one of our correspondents, arose and denounced that portion of the report which in the paragraph given above we have put in italics, and moved its omission. He denied that the Church ever had "approved the policy of separate churches, presbyteries and synods," and he declared such a policy to be utterly unchristian. It instantly appeared that he had the sympathy of the Assembly, if not of its leaders. Dr. Niccolls, of St. Louis, supported him vigorously, but briefly, for speakers had been shut down to five minute speeches. Dr. McCulloch, of Alton Presbytery, Ill., defended the report and asked, "Do you mean to tell me that if the colored people themselves prefer separate churches, presbyteries and synods, you would deny them the right to have them?" "Yes, by all means," shouted Mr. Stryker, whose clear head and bold answer was rewarded with loud approval. Dr. Crosby said he understood that the Negroes had last year indicated their desire for separation; but Mr. Sanders, the colored editor of The Africo-American Presbyterian, of North Carolina, arose, and said they had many of them consented to it last year rather than seem to stand in the way of re-union, but that this year there was no reason for such a sacrifice, that they did not wish it, and that while the presbytery of which he was a member had no white ministers in it, they would be glad to welcome them if they would come. After other addresses, the motion of Mr. Stryker for the excision of the paragraph favoring separation of the races was put and carried by an overwhelming majority, not less than three to one, and the report, with this amendment, adopted.