Читать книгу: «Every Girl's Book», страница 5

“It must have been very lonesome,” suggested Elsie, sympathetically.

“Yes, it must have been – certainly it must if it could feel or think. But, at all events, whether or not it did feel lonely, it began right away to make companions. Of course you can’t think how it did that, can you, dear?”

“I – I am afraid not,” Elsie hesitated.

“Yet it was the very simplest way imaginable. It merely divided itself into two parts, each of which was just like the other.”

“Oh!” exclaimed Elsie. “But, then, mamma, who could tell which was the father or mother, and which was the child? Or were they just brother and sister, or two brothers?”

“There was not then what we now call ‘sex’, for that was only the beginning of families, so to say, and it was very crude, as all things are when they are first started. But perhaps we might call one cell the mother of the other, since it is always the female, and not the male, that brings forth children, though nobody could tell which was the mother and which was the child.”

“Well,” said Elsie, “that is the strangest thing yet!”

“It seems so to us, because it is so different from our way of reproducing, but it was the natural way, and the same process is going on to this day. Even little girls are born in a manner which, though it appears very different, is the same in principle, as we shall see.”

“But, mamma, I thought that all living beings were obliged to have a stamen or an ovary!”

“So they are obliged, dear! This cell grew until it was too large and heavy to be supported by its structure, or lack of structure, and then it fell apart. Force, or growth, was the stamen here, and the cell itself was the ovary.”

“Oh, then force or growth was the first stamen, mamma?”

“No, darling, it was not, unless we should call growth the stamen of today – which we might do, in a way. But the first stamen was, in form, a ray of the sun, and the first ovary was the earth, soil. For don’t you recall that this cell, which was the first life-form, was produced by the sun shining on the earth or sea?”

Elsie pondered on this a moment. Then her face brightened.

“Oh, now I see!” she exclaimed. “And what a beautiful set of changes, like real poetry! The stamen in a flower, and growth, and a ray of sunlight are all one at bottom!”

“Yes, darling, it is beautiful poetry, when one comes thoroughly to understand it. And when we find that love is the source of all these different forms and processes it becomes more beautiful than ever. Now let us go on a little further and you will see how that is.”

“Please hurry, mamma!” said Elsie. “I wish to find out where I came from, and you are going to tell me that, aren’t you?”

“Certainly, darling! That is what I have been leading up to all this time. Now we will speak of a number of higher growths than the single cells are, for there are several things yet to be made plain before you will be able to understand the highest growth of all, which is that of a human being like yourself.”

VI
WHERE BABY ANIMALS COME FROM

At that moment there sounded a hoarse noise near by, which was followed by a splash, as if some body had tumbled into the pond. Elsie looked at her mother roguishly and said:

“Old Croaky!”

Old Croaky was a granddaddy bullfrog with whom they were very well acquainted, for he sang for them every evening.

“I am glad that he spoke just as he did,” Mrs. Edson smiled, “for he reminds me that frogs are as good an example as I can take next. He belongs to one of the lower classes of animals, not so very much higher than the plants. Now, in the plants, you will remember, it was necessary for the pollen to enter the ovary in order to reach and fertilize the seeds. But with the frog it is not so. The female lays the eggs first, and just as she is doing so the male places himself in such a position towards her that he can mingle his zoösperms with her eggs as they come out. That fertilizes them and they immediately begin to grow. First they become tadpoles, and then little frogs.”

“What, was Old Croaky ever a little tadpole, mumsey?”

“Yes, darling, he was. Every frog was once. And before that he was an egg, one of many, in his mother’s ovary, and it is so with all animals. They all of them have eggs and zoösperms, just as the plants have pollen and seeds. Only, with most of the animals, the zoösperms must enter the ovary in order to fertilize the eggs, as is the way of the plants. And it is the same with the birds. They are higher, that is later, in the scale of life than the frogs are. Now the higher the creature the more complicated becomes the process of reproduction, even though the principle is always the same. It is always growth, always the life within, forcing itself out to take form, and it is only the forms that change. The life and force within are the same that the first single cell had.”

“It is very wonderful, mamma,” Elsie said, awed by the mystery, even though she was very far from grasping the whole of it. “And the birds, mamma, have they stamens, and eggs inside? I thought their eggs were outside, in a little nest. And some of them are, mumsey, because, you know, I have seen them lots of times.”

“Yes, the eggs come out where you can see them, in time, as the frog’s do, but at first they are inside the mother bird, as they are with the frogs and all animals. Only, it is not with the birds as it is with the frogs, for the bird’s eggs must be fertilized by the male zoösperms while they are still within the mother bird. The zoösperms must enter the ovary as the pollen must enter the ovary of the plant. So the male bird, like most male animals, has a stamen which is a repetition of that of the flower, made of such a shape that it can reach the eggs in the mother bird’s ovary and fertilize them there. Then they come out, they are ‘laid’ as we say, and we see them in the nest which the mother and father birds have prepared for them. And just as the seeds need to be covered and kept warm, when they have fallen from the ripe pods to the ground, in order that they may live and grow into baby plants, so the bird’s eggs must be covered and kept warm and safe in order that they may grow into birdies. It is just here that you may see where the honey of the plants begins to become love in the higher species. For instead of leaving the eggs to be protected or not, according to chance, as is the way of the plants, the mother bird covers and warms and protects them herself. She sits on the nest and keeps them safe with her own body and feathers. Isn’t that lovely! And the father bird goes to market in the woods and fields and brings her the daintiest and best food he can find.”

“Isn’t he nice!” said Elsie appreciatively.

“Yes, he is nice, and so is his wife, the mother bird. Just think! A bird is the most energetic and tireless creature in all animated nature. It is always on the move, urged by the force and overflowing life within its body, and to sit there quietly all alone on the eggs day after day and night after night – oh, it must be hard, so hard that we can scarcely realize the extent of the sacrifice she is making for her little children. That is what love is like. And the higher a creature is in the scale of life the more love it has, until, in men and women, the acme is reached and they not only give up their comfort for each other, and especially for their children, but even their lives themselves. With human beings one can tell how high a given one is in the scale of humanity by the amount of love he has. Some persons have very little, and they are nearer the animal plane: some have a great deal, and the more they have, the less selfish they are, the higher they have risen. For love is the real stamen that fertilizes the world and makes it grow, and the more one has of it the more life one gives to the universe.”

Elsie felt very grave for some moments, thinking out this deep matter. It was too complex for her to realize wholly, but she caught glimpses of the immortal beauty of the ideas and she was awed by it. Suddenly she threw her arms around her mother’s neck and kissed her passionately. It had occurred to her all at once how much her mother loved her and how much she must have sacrificed for her sake during all the years of her little life, and though she had no conception of the full extent of the sacrifice she saw enough to make her feel like crying for very love of that dear and sweet mamma. Her mother understood her and taking her in her arms hugged her closely, sitting in silence with her for a long time, both of them too full of love for each other to speak. And so the lesson for the day ended.