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5. The Second Conciliar Epistle of the Holy Apostle John the Theologian

Chapter 1

1 Elder – to the chosen lady and her children, whom I truly love, and not only I, but also all who have known the truth (Elders – presbyters in the early Christian church called the leaders of the community of the first Christians. In the Apostolic Church, both presbyters and bishops were sometimes called that, without strict distinction. The apostles themselves were called presbyters, or elders. An appeal to a certain lady and her children).

2 for the sake of the truth that abides in us and will be with us forever. (The truth supposedly «abides in us and will be with us forever»).

3 May grace, mercy, and peace be with you from God the Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of the Father, in truth and love. (Here it is said in the name of the two gods: Yahweh and «his son» Jesus Christ).

4 I was very glad that I found of your children walking in the truth, as we received the commandment from the Father. (The children of this «chosen lady», «walk in the truth», that is, they are obedient and believe in Yahweh and Jesus Christ, an analogy with receiving a commandment, that is, instructions, from Yahweh).

5 And now I ask you, lady, not as a new commandment prescribing to you, but the one that we have from the beginning, that we love one another. (The original commandment is love, in fact, love is a feeling that arises as the brain is formed, is also observed in animals, in the form of neural connections in the brain, there are different forms of love: for God, homeland, children, a representative of one’s own and the other sex, fetishism – the deification of various objects, etc.).

6 But love consists in our doing according to his commandments. This is the commandment that you have heard from the beginning, that you should act according to it. (Here love is interpreted in the form of the fact that it is necessary to act «according to His commandments», that is, Yahweh and Jesus Christ).

7 For many deceivers have entered the world who do not confess Jesus Christ, who came in the flesh: such a man is a deceiver and an antichrist. (The emerging Christians formed competitors, and in the very original Christianity there was no unity, such people were considered seducers and antichrists).

8 Watch yourselves, so that we do not lose what we have worked for, but to receive the full reward. (The statement that it is necessary to fight against false teachings, otherwise everything can be lost).

9 Whosoever transgresses the teaching of Christ and does not abide in him has no God; whosoever abides in the teaching of Christ has both the Father and the Son. (The condemnation of those who transgress the teachings of Christ and do not abide in him, the one who «abides», that is, observes the attitudes of emerging Christianity, he has two gods: «Father and Son», that is, Yahweh and the son. According to a number of researchers, the trinity of gods emerged later in Christianity as a link between polytheism and monotheism during the transition from polytheism to monotheism. The Trinity existed in the religions of Ancient Egypt (Osiris, Isis, Horus), Ancient India (Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva), Babylonia (Anu, Ea, Bel), etc., reflecting the fact of the existence of a monogamous family (dad, mom and child, the role of mom is downplayed due to the rule of patriarchy). «The head of the Ugaritic-Canaanite pantheon was the god El,» writes M.I. Rizhsky in the book «Biblical Prophets and Biblical Prophecies», pp. 24—25, «like the Jews, this word meant „god“, but became a proper name. El had a spouse, the goddess Asher, or Ashirat, and a brother, the god Dagon, the patron of harvests, who later became the main god of the Philistines who settled in the Canaanite land, one of the „peoples of the sea“. But a particularly active and significant figure of the Ugaritic pantheon was Baal, the son of Dagon. In the texts of Ugarit, Baal acts as the god of thunderstorms, the god of war and at the same time as the bearer of rains and harvests, often paired with the goddess Anat, extremely militant and also the patroness of fertility. The cult of this goddess, as well as the cult of another goddess in this pantheon – Astarte, was orgiastic in nature and was associated with sacred prostitution. These were the gods worshipped by the Canaanites of Ugarit and the Canaanites of Palestine, and who, apparently, also became the gods of the Israelites after they found themselves in this land, together with their ancient god of deserts and mountains, Yahweh: when the conquerors settled in Canaan, finally moved from nomadic cattle breeding to sedentarism and farming Obviously, the cults of the Canaanite gods should have become especially attractive to them, since these gods were mainly patrons of agriculture, and their cults were cults of fertility. The bull was the personification of the mighty productive force of nature among many ancient peoples, and archaeological excavations in Palestine found cult figurines of a bull in ancient layers. Stone and wooden pillars in the form of a phallus – a male reproductive organ – were placed in the fields, or such phallic figures were buried in the soil, which was supposed to magically increase its fertility»).

10 Whoever comes to you and does not bring this teaching, do not take him into the house and do not greet him. (The fight against false teachings).

11 For he who greets him participates in his evil deeds. (The fight against false teachings).

12 I have many things to write to you, but I do not want to write on paper with ink, but I hope to come to you and speak from mouth to mouth, so that your joy may be full. (There should be a visual meeting soon).

13 The children of your chosen sister greet you. Amen. (Greetings from the sister’s children. Amen – (from others-Heb. «Let it be true, true.» The message dates back to the end of the I century. The second Conciliar epistle of John contains only one chapter; it is written to a certain chosen lady and her children, and is an allegorical appeal to the church and its members).

6. The Third Conciliar Epistle of the Holy Apostle John the Theologian

Chapter 1

1 Elder to the beloved Gaius, whom I truly love. (Greeting to Gaius. The third epistle of John is addressed to a private person).

2 Beloved! I pray that you may be well and prosper in everything, as your soul prospers. (Prayer for Guy).

3 For I was very glad when the brethren came and testified of your faithfulness, how you walk in the truth. (Guy behaves «correctly»).

4 There is no greater joy for me than to hear that my children walk in the truth. (Analogy with children).

5 Beloved! you act like a faithful one in what you do for the brothers and for the wanderers. (Guy behaves «correctly» in relation to «brothers», that is, supporters of nascent Christianity and wanderers who have had a «sacred status» since ancient times).

6 They testified before the church of your love. You will do well if you let them go, as it should for God’s sake, (Guy behaves «correctly»).

7 For they went for his name’s sake, taking nothing from the Gentiles. (Pagans are non—Judeo—Christians, Christianity has not yet separated from Judaism, they were Judeo-Christians (Ebionites – «beggars»), the name of the early Christian groups of the I—III centuries. who did not break with Judaism and performed Judaic rituals: celebrated the Sabbath, performed circumcision).

8 Therefore we must accept such in order to become companions of the truth. (Such people should be accepted into Christian communities).

9 I have written to the churches; but Diotref, who loves to be the first among them, does not accept us. (A certain Diotref opposes this, the formation of hierarchy in early Christian communities has already begun).

10 Therefore, if I come, I will remind you of the deeds that he does, blaspheming us with evil words, and not being satisfied with that, and he does not accept brothers, and forbids those who wish, and expels from the church. (The fight against Diotref is necessary).

11 Beloved! do not imitate evil, but good. He who does good is of God; but he who does evil has not seen God. (The need to do good and resist evil).

12 Demetrius has been witnessed by all and by the truth itself; we also bear witness, and you know that our testimony is true. (A certificate of a certain Dimitri).

13 I had many things to write, but I do not want to write to you with ink and a cane, (They wrote with ink and a cane – style, stick).

14 and I hope to see you soon and talk mouth to mouth. (See you soon).

15 Peace be upon you. Friends greet you; greet friends by name. Amen. (Greeting. Amen – (from others-Heb. «Let it be true, true.» The message dates back to the end of the I century. The third conciliar epistle of John is written to Guy the Corinthian, mentioned in the epistles to the Romans (16:23) and the Corinthians (1 Cor 1:14).).

7. The Conciliar Epistle of the Holy Apostle Judas

Chapter 1

1 Judas, servant of Jesus Christ, brother of James, to the called, who are sanctified by God the Father and preserved by Jesus Christ: (The author of the epistle writes that he is Judas, servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James, «to the called, who are sanctified by God the Father and preserved by Jesus Christ»).

2 May mercy and peace and love multiply for you. (Greeting).

3 Beloved ones! having all the zeal to write to you about the common salvation, I thought it necessary to write you an admonition – to strive for the faith that was once given to the saints. (The need for salvation).

4 For some people have crept in, who from time immemorial were destined for this condemnation, the wicked, who turn the grace of our God into [a reason for] debauchery and reject the one Lord of God and our Lord Jesus Christ. (Some «bad» people have «crept in», lead a dissolute lifestyle and reject Yahweh and Jesus Christ).

5 I want to remind you, who already know this, that the Lord, having delivered the people from the land of Egypt, then destroyed the unbelievers (References to the Old Testament history).

6 and he keeps the angels, who have not preserved their dignity, but have left their dwelling, in eternal bonds, under darkness, for the judgment of the great day. (The messenger angels also behaved «incorrectly»).

7 How Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, who, like them, committed fornication and followed other flesh, having been subjected to the punishment of eternal fire, are set as an example – (The promise of all kinds of troubles to sinners).

8 so it will be with these dreamers, who defile the flesh, reject the authorities and slander the high authorities. (The promise of all sorts of troubles to sinners).

9 Michael the Archangel, when he spoke with the devil, arguing about the body of Moses, did not dare to pronounce a reproachful judgment, but said, «May the Lord forbid you.» (Archangels, angels, devils, Yahweh. Jesus Christ and other «magical» characters behave like people, they are people – the personification of these characters).

10 But these speak evil of what they do not know; but what by nature, like dumb animals, they know, thereby they corrupt themselves. (Analogies, comparisons).

11 Woe to them, for they walk in the way of Cain, give themselves up to the deceit of a bribe, like Balaam, and perish in stubbornness, like Korah. (References to the Old Testament history. The author of the epistle warns readers to be careful with people who preach false teachings, having penetrated the ranks of Christians. The author also considers those who continue to adhere to the teachings of early Christians to be professing false doctrine).

12 Such are a temptation at your love parties; feasting with you, they comfort themselves without fear. These are waterless clouds carried by the wind; autumn trees, barren, twice dead, extirpated; (Analogies, comparisons).

13 fierce waves of the sea, foaming with their shame; wandering stars, to which the darkness of darkness is kept forever. (Analogies, comparisons).

14 Enoch, the seventh from Adam, also prophesied about them, saying: «Behold, the Lord is coming with the darkness of his holy angels – (References to the Old Testament history).

15 To bring judgment upon all, and to rebuke all the wicked among them in all the works that their wickedness has done, and in all the cruel words that wicked sinners have spoken against him.» (The need for «God’s terrible» judgment).

16 These are murmurers who are not satisfied with anything, who act according to their lusts (wickedly and lawlessly); their mouths utter inflated words; they show hypocrisy for self-interest. (Condemnation of «wrong» murmurers, those who raise murmurs).

17 But you, beloved, remember what was foretold by the Apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ. (It is necessary to remember the prediction of the apostles, from «our Lord Jesus Christ»).

18 They have told you that in the last time there will be scoffers who act according to their ungodly lusts. (It is necessary to fight with unholy scolders).

19 These are people who separate themselves (from the unity of faith), spiritual, having no spirit. (It is necessary to fight with unholy scolders).

20 And you, beloved, edifying yourselves on your most holy faith, praying with the Holy Spirit (the mention of the «Holy Spirit» is a character of the Trinity).

21 Keep yourselves in the love of God, waiting for mercy from our Lord Jesus Christ, for eternal life. (It is necessary to remain in love, that is, to be gentle and obedient, Jesus will give mercy and you will supposedly live forever).

22 And be merciful to some, with consideration, (Who «correctly» behaves, then treat them mercifully).

23 But save others by fear, plucking them out of the fire, and rebuke them with fear, abhorring even clothing that is defiled by the flesh. (If someone behaves «incorrectly», then «reprove with fear»).

24 But to him who is able to keep you from falling and to place you before his glory blameless in joy, (Then, they say, everything will be fine).

25 To the one wise God, our Savior through Jesus Christ our Lord, glory and majesty, power and authority before all ages, now and for all ages. Amen. (Praise of Jesus Christ. Amen – (from others-Heb. «Let it be true, true.» The message dates back to the end of the I century. The Epistle of Judas is one of the books of the New Testament; written by Judas, the brother of James, probably the brother of Jesus Christ (Mark 6:3). The epistle consists of one chapter and is written in order to strengthen the faith of Christians who are forced to resist various false teachings).

The Epistles of the Apostle Paul

8. The Epistle to the Romans of St. Paul the Apostle

Chapter 1

1 Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, a called Apostle, chosen to the gospel of God, (The apostles (slaves of Jesus Christ, Christianity is created in a slave—owning society, necessarily references to «election» and «vocation», «the gospel of God» – the preaching of a new religion), that is, «messengers» were called in the first communities of the nascent Christian delegates, which were exchanged by individual Christian centers (from Greek. «apostello» – «I send»). They often prophesied ecstatically, speaking allegedly «through the mouth of God himself» or his messiah (God the son) Christ, as if they had seen him in their visions. Paul the «super-twelve» apostle is a Roman citizen from Tarsus (Cilicia, at that time a Roman province, Paul – paulus (Latin) – «small», according to one version he was short), the original name was Saul; by origin – a Jew, belonged to the tribe of Benjamin; by upbringing and religion – the Pharisee. His natural qualities and talent made him the head of the persecution of the apostles and their followers. He acted in this field with extraordinary diligence. One day a wonderful light from heaven struck him; the light was so strong and bright that he lost his sight (Acts 22:11). From that time on, Saul became a completely different person. Soon followed the return of his sight and the baptism of the Apostle Paul. Since that time, he has been zealously preaching the very Christian faith that he initially brutally persecuted. The scientific explanation of the «transformation of Saul into Paul», when the ardent persecutor of the apostles and their followers Saul was suddenly struck by a wonderful light from heaven, the light was so strong and bright that he lost his sight. From that time on, Saul became a completely different person. Soon followed by the return of his sight and the baptism of the Apostle Paul, he zealously preaches the very Christian faith that he had previously cruelly persecuted. The bright light may have been an explosion of ball lightning, which are very close to the lights of St. Elmo or corona discharges, Saul was an unwitting witness to this and his eyesight was temporarily damaged, as it happens when burned by ultraviolet rays, it is known that ball lightning consists of non-equilibrium plasma, as well as plasma clouds intensively emit ultraviolet rays. In Damascus, a certain Ananias cured Saul by laying on his hand, which is scientifically called the «placebo effect». The placebo effect is a belief in healing. It is used by all healers, shamans, priests. A large number of diseases, including cancer, are cured, except for incurable physical disabilities, by suggestion, if the patient believes in the healing power. Treatment takes place by the imposition of hands, conspiracies, appeal to herbs, trees, cheese-Earth, taxation of diseased organs with the same organs of sacrificial animals, and then their complete burning (Holocaust). Organ regeneration is also accelerated by the placebo effect).

2 which God had previously promised through His prophets, in the holy scriptures, («Divine» bundles).

3 about his Son, who was born from the seed of David according to the flesh («Divine» bundles).

4 And he was revealed to be the Son of God in power, according to the holy spirit, through the resurrection from the dead, about Jesus Christ our Lord, («Divine» bundles).

5 Through whom we received grace and apostleship, that in his name we might subdue all nations to the faith, (Grace —Greek. «charisma», lat. «grace», according to religious beliefs, is a special «divine power», allegedly sent down to man from above in order to overcome the sinfulness inherent in man and achieve salvation and eternal life in the other world).

6 Between which you, called by Jesus Christ, are also («Divine» bundles).

7 To all who are in Rome, beloved of God, called saints: grace to you and peace from God our father and the Lord Jesus Christ. («Divine» bundles).

8 First of all, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you, that your faith is being proclaimed throughout the world. («Divine» bundles).

9 God is my witness, whom I serve with my spirit in the gospel of his Son, that I constantly remember you («Divine» bundles, personification of God).

10 always asking in my prayers that the will of God may someday help me to come to you, («Divine» bundles).

11 For I am very desirous to see you, in order to teach you a certain spiritual gift for your confirmation, («Divine» bundles).

12 that is, to be comforted with you by common faith, yours and mine. («Divine» bundles).

13 I do not want to leave you in ignorance, brethren, that I have repeatedly intended to come to you (but have met obstacles even up to now) in order to have some fruit with you, as with other nations. («Divine» bundles).

14 I owe both Greeks and barbarians, wise men and ignoramuses. (The Greeks are Greeks, and the word «barbarian» denotes a person who did not belong to either Jews or Greeks).

15 Now, as for me, I am ready to preach the gospel to you who are in Rome. (The need to «carry» the good news to the Romans).

16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ, because [it] is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, first, the Jew, [then] and the Greek. (Salvation is, according to religious beliefs, the highest «bliss» that is supposedly granted to a person by God when a person fulfills a number of religious conditions, mainly consisting in slavish obedience and obedience, which is beneficial to priests of any religion. In the first place – Jews, in the second – Greeks, Hellenes).

17 In him the truth of God is revealed from faith to faith, as it is written: The righteous will live by faith. (Belief in a non-existent god is very beneficial to the exploiting classes, so the «spiritual religious» government always «goes in an embrace» with the secular one in order to keep the masses «on a religious leash»).

18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all the wickedness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth by unrighteousness. (Churchmen of all stripes inspire their believers with all kinds of fears and misfortunes that will follow if believers cease to be believers. Here the churchmen are silent and do not say that everything in the world is according to the will of God, including: «every wickedness and unrighteousness of people who suppress the truth with unrighteousness»).

19 For what can be known about God is obvious to them, because God has revealed to them. («Divine» bundles).

20 For his invisible things, his eternal power and divinity, from the creation of the world through the contemplation of creatures are visible, so that they are unresponsive. («Divine» bundles).

21 But how, when they knew God, they did not glorify him as God, and did not thank him, but became vain in their thoughts, and their foolish heart was darkened; (They behaved «wrongly.» However, everything is according to the will of God!).

22 calling themselves wise, they went mad, (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

23 and the glory of the incorruptible God was changed into an image like a corruptible man, and birds, and quadrupeds, and reptiles – (But all according to the will of God!).

24 This is why God gave them up to uncleanness in the lusts of their hearts, so that they defiled their own bodies. (The central idea of this message is justification. It tells about the sinfulness of all people who are mired in shameful passions and are unable to rise spiritually. This applies primarily to the pagans, who, having come to know God and his commandments, nevertheless gave themselves up to idolatry, therefore God rejected them from himself and betrayed them «in the lusts of their hearts to uncleanness.» Pagans – this word «sacred» writers sometimes denote those who do not believe in the true God, or in general all those who do not know and do not recognize his name. In some places of the Bible, this word means Christians not from Jews).

25 They replaced the truth of God with a lie, and worshipped and served the creature instead of the Creator, Who is blessed forever, amen. (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

26 Therefore, God betrayed them to shameful passions: their women replaced their natural use with unnatural; (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

27 similarly, men, abandoning the natural use of the female sex, were inflamed with lust for one another, men on men doing shame and receiving in themselves due retribution for their error. (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

28 And as they did not care to have God in their minds, God gave them over to a perverse mind – to do lewdness, (Talion’s rule).

29 so that they are full of all unrighteousness, fornication, deceit, covetousness, malice, filled with envy, murder, strife, deceit, malice, (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

30 slanderers, slanderers, God-haters, abusers, self-praisers, proud, inventive for evil, disobedient to parents, (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

31 reckless, treacherous, unloving, irreconcilable, merciless. (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

32 They know the righteous [judgment] It is God’s law that those who do such things are worthy of death; however, not only do they do them, but they also approve of those who do them. (Criticism of «wrong» behavior).

Chapter 2

1 Therefore, you are not blameless, every person who judges [another], because by the same judgment that you judge another, you condemn yourself, because judging [another], you do the same. (Talion’s rule).

2 But we know that truly there is a judgment of God on those who do such things. (The mention of the «judgment of God», which will evaluate everything «correctly», is an analogy with the human judgment).

3 Do you really think, man, that you will escape the judgment of God by condemning those who do such things and (yourself) doing the same? (The suggestion that it is impossible for a person to avoid the «judgment of God»).

4 Or do you neglect the riches of God’s goodness, meekness, and longsuffering, not understanding that God’s goodness leads you to repentance? («Divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

5 But, according to your stubbornness and unrepentant heart, you are gathering anger for yourself on the day of wrath and the revelation of righteous judgment from God, («Divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

6 Who will reward everyone according to his deeds: (The suggestion that it is impossible for a person to avoid the «judgment of God»).

7 those who seek glory, honor and immortality by perseverance in a good deed – eternal life; (Talion’s rule: if you behave as established by the priesthood, then, they say, you will live forever, behave badly, do not obey the priests, then, they say, God will punish you. This interpretation is beneficial to priests-priests of any religion).

8 but to those who persist and do not submit to the truth, but give themselves up to unrighteousness – rage and anger. (Talion’s rule: if you behave as established by the priesthood, then, they say, you will live forever, behave badly, do not obey the priests, then, they say, God will punish you. This interpretation is beneficial to priests-priests of any religion).

9 Sorrow and distress to every soul of a man who does evil, first, a Jew, [then] a Greek! (The Jew is in the first place, after all, «the chosen of Yahweh», the Greek-Greek is in the second, also the word «Greek» in this context means all non—Jews).

10 On the contrary, glory and honor and peace to everyone who does good, first to the Jew, and then to the Greek! (The Jew is in the first place, after all, the «chosen ones of Yahweh», the Greek Greek is in the second).

11 For there is no hypocrisy with God. (Personification of God, endowing the lord of God with human features. God has no face perception, that is, He does not single out a certain person, but this is not the case, see previous verses: 9—10).

12 Those who have sinned without the law will perish outside the law; and those who have sinned under the law will be condemned according to the law (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

13 (because not the listeners of the law are righteous before God, but the executors of the law will be justified, (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

14 for when the Gentiles, who have no law, by nature do what is lawful, then, having no law, they are their own law: (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

15 they show that the work of the law is written in their hearts, as evidenced by their conscience and their thoughts, now accusing, now justifying one another) (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

16 On the day when, according to my gospel, God will judge the secret affairs of men through Jesus Christ. (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

17 Behold, you are called a Jew, and you comfort yourself with the law, and you boast of God, (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view for Jews).

18 And you know [His] will, and you understand the best by learning from the law (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

19 And I am sure of myself that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those who are in darkness (Analogies, comparisons).

20 the teacher of the ignorant, the teacher of infants, who has a pattern of knowledge and truth in the law: (Analogies, comparisons).

21 How is it that when you teach another, you don’t teach yourself? (Analogies, comparisons).

22 When you preach not to steal, do you steal? saying, «Do not commit adultery,» are you committing adultery? abhoring idols, are you blaspheming? (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

23 Do you boast of the law, but by the transgression of the law do you dishonor God? (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

24 For for your sake, as it is written, the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles. (Reasoning about the law of Moses – the Torah, «divine» moralizing, revealing what is good and what is bad, from Paul’s point of view).

25 Circumcision is useful if you keep the law; but if you are a transgressor of the law, then your circumcision has become uncircumcision. (Reasoning about the «benefits» and «non-benefits» of circumcision).

26 Now, if an uncircumcised person observes the ordinances of the law, will not his uncircumcision be imputed to him as circumcision? (Reasoning about the «benefits» and «non-benefits» of circumcision).

27 And he who is uncircumcised by nature, who fulfills the law, will he not condemn you, a transgressor of the law in the Scriptures and circumcision? (Reasoning about the «benefits» and «non-benefits» of circumcision).