La Constitución Política de la República de Panamá de 1972 es la carta fundamental panameña, actualmente vigente. Es la cuarta carta magna en el país tras las constituciones de 1904, 1941 y 1946. Fue aprobada el 11 de octubre de 1972 por la Asamblea Nacional de Representantes de Corregimientos, durante el gobierno militar del General Omar Torrijos.

Su texto original ha sido reformada por los Actos Reformatorios de 1978, el Acto Constitucional de 1983, los Actos Legislativos No. 1 de 1993 y No. 2 de 1994 y el Acto Legislativo No. 1 de 2004, que la adaptaron a un sistema democrático pluripartidista y derogaron provisiones de la estructura militar.

La Constitución de 1972, es la cuarta más antigua de Hispanoamérica, precedida por las de México (1917), Costa Rica (1949) y Uruguay (1967). Se promulgó después del golpe de Estado de 1968, perpetrado por los militares panameños Boris Martínez y Omar Torrijos, quienes derrocaron por segunda vez al presidente Arnulfo Arias. Este texto incluye las enmiendas de 1993.

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