В монографии излагается новый экологический подход к изучению генезиса природных и антропогенных очагов чумы, основанный на положениях об облигатном паразитизме (ауксотрофности) возбудителя этой болезни и его филогенетической молодости. Показано, что индуктором исходной паразитарной (энзо-эпизоотической) системы чумы «грызун – блоха – возбудитель» было максимальное (сартанское) похолодание, охватившее в конце позднего плейстоцена (22–15 тыс. лет назад) обширные пространства Северной и Центральной Азии, Сибири и Дальнего Востока. Местом ее первичного формирования стала Центральная Азия, а средой, в которой прошло видообразование возбудителя, – паразитарная система «монгольский сурок (Marmota sibirica) – блоха Oropsylla silantiewi». Предложена концепция двух этапов генезиса очагов – естественноисторического и биосоциального. На первом этапе сформировались первичные (естественные) природные очаги в Евразии, на втором – антропогенные синантропные (крысиные) и вторичные природные очаги в Африке, Новом Свете и в некоторых районах тропической Азии. Излагаемый подход опирается на положения современной эволюционной теории, последние достижения в области молекулярной генетики бактерий рода Yersinia и новые палеоклиматические и экологические данные.

Книга предназначена для биологов и медиков различных специальностей, а также для студентов и преподавателей биологических факультетов университетов и медицинских вузов.

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