Читать книгу: «Egyptian Birth Signs: The Secrets of the Ancient Egyptian Horoscope»

INTRODUCTION

Very little is known about Egyptian astrology except for one surviving design (or stela) discovered on the ceiling in the Temple of Hathor at Dendera in central Egypt. Now in the Louvre in Paris, this 12-inch stone disc was probably made around 50 BC, which was the end of the period known as the New Kingdom, the time of Cleopatra, when the Romans annexed Egypt to their empire. The artefact from Dendera shows that the zodiac was divided into 18 constellations represented by various animals. However, unlike the later Greeks, from whom we have inherited our present astrological signs, the Egyptians did not use these zodiac constellations for natal astrology. Their birth signs were determined by the Egyptian months of the year. The richly decorated stela of Dendera also shows the deities and creatures that presided over the months.

There are a number of different versions of the Egyptian calendar, but the one used for this book derives from the end of Ancient Egyptian history. At different periods throughout their history, the Egyptians altered the time of their new year and the start of each month. In the Old Kingdom, (2686–2181 BC) the year began on the Spring Equinox (21 March). Thus, the 12 months would each run (roughly) from the 21st–20th.

After various political upheavals, the Middle Kingdom began in 2040 BC and lasted until 1782 BC. During this time, the New Year coincided with the heliacal rising of the star Sirius (known in Egyptian as Sothis), which occurred in mid-July, so the months also began round about what is now the 15th of the month in our modern calendar. Also, beliefs and systems varied around the country, so during the Middle Kingdom, some areas stuck to the original calendar. There were also local variations on the deities associated with each month.

Because the early calendar followed a lunar cycle, as the years passed, they eventually became slightly ‘out’, so to remedy this, five extra, or ‘epagomenal’ days were added, to keep the years in line. They were placed between what is now 14–18 July. This, of course, is similar to our modern ‘leap year’, when an extra day is added to February every four years. The epagomenal days were seen as holy and the birthdays of particularly important gods, who were the children of the god Geb (the earth) and the goddess Nut (the sky). Although this legend and its symbols are not examined in depth in this system, as it relates to an earlier calendar than the one used here, they might be of special interest to those born on the same dates. The table below indicates which were the birthdays of which deities:

By the Late Kingdom, it had become firmly established that the year began with the inundation of the Nile on 29 August. By this time, the calendar had become more fully worked out, and the Dendera zodiac was crafted during this period.

The Egyptian year was always divided into three seasons of four months, rather than our four seasons of three months. Because of their climate, the Egyptians did not have a winter as we do. Their seasons were the Inundation, when the River Nile overflowed its banks and fertilized the land with rich, dark soil, the Growing Season, when the people farmed the land and the Harvest Season, when the crops were gathered in, and the year came to its blistering, parched close before the Inundation began the cycle again. Each of the 12 months of the year was ruled over by a different god or sacred creature. From inscriptions at the Temple of Hathor, we know that these divinities were thought to influence a person’s physical and mental attributes, just as today’s zodiac signs are thought to determine one’s personality and appearance. However, to date, no hieroglyphic inscriptions have been found to provide specific details concerning the characteristics of each sign.

This book attempts to reconstruct the characteristics of these Egyptian birth signs. From computer analysis of hundreds of volunteers who completed a detailed questionnaire about themselves, it was possible to determine the characteristics shared by those born in each Egyptian sign. From this survey it has been viable to do what has not been done for 2000 years – present a modern interpretation of the Egyptian birth signs.

Many people are fascinated by Ancient Egypt and feel drawn to its exotic spirituality. The gods themselves, mysterious creatures of sometimes bizarre appearance, inspire the imagination. We can find strength in the image of lioness-headed Sekhmet, lady of power and fire, and a lusty joy for life in the goddess of love, Hathor, who was sometimes depicted as a cow, although she was mostly represented in art as a beautiful woman. Jackal-headed Anubis is the weigher of hearts, while Ibis-headed Thoth presides over writing and wisdom. Each of the deities who govern the months of the year has particular characteristics and attributes. It could be said they have an ‘essence’, which flavours the month itself.

As well as character and relationships analysis, you’ll also find other information in each chapter, such as which stones, flowers, herbs, etc. are relevant to each sign. These correspondences are not drawn from Western astrology, but from the ancient system of the Tree of Life or Cabbala. The Cabbala was certainly used by the ancient Israelites but, more importantly in this case, modern archaeological discoveries made at Amarna in Central Egypt have suggested that this ancient magical system originated with the mysterious Egyptian pharaoh, Akhenaten. As the Cabbala provides a sensible and comprehensive ‘map’ of the universe and the human psyche, it seemed most appropriate to use this system as a basis for the sign correspondences.

At the end of each chapter, you’ll also find a small ‘working’. This is like a prayer or invocation that calls upon the ‘flavour’ of the month, the god or goddess who presides over it. You can commune with the deity of your particular sign at any time. For example, if you are a ‘Thoth’, born between 29 August and 27 September, you could perform the small working whenever you feel in need of calling upon Thoth’s divine help, for protection or inspiration. Thoth’s energy is of particular importance to creative people, journalists or writers. But what if you weren’t born in his sign? You can still ask Thoth for help, but preferably at the time of year when his influence is strongest, i.e. the month over which he rules. Thus, you can perform any of the workings, regardless of which sign you were born under.

For example, between the dates of 28 September and 27 October, the presiding deity is Horus. During this time, you can perform the Horus working to call upon his help, no matter what sign you are yourself. The deities have particular ‘specialities’, which sometimes might be of significance to you, but it’s important to remember that all the gods and goddesses share the qualities of protection and helpfulness, and can be called upon whenever you need their strength.

To perform a working, look at the correspondences for the sign. If we use Thoth as an example again, make sure you have the appropriate stone, flower, herb, etc. you need and construct a small altar by arranging these items around a central orange candle (Thoth’s colour). Coffee tables make particularly good altars! The Ancient Eygptians made offerings to their deities of food they believed the gods particularly liked. In keeping with this idea, place a relevant offering of food (in this case, a segmented orange), arranged in a small dish or bowl on your altar. The gods were also supposed to be extremely fond of perfume, so you should burn a scented oil, incense or joss stick of the pertinent flavour. Bark, leaves, fruit or flowers of Thoth’s personal tree can also be included in your altar arrangement. If you’re unable to gather all these items, don’t worry, just use as many as you can. Choose an incense flavour closest to the one given in the correspondences. Correspondences were very important to Ancient Egyptian priests. They believed that things of like colour or flavour shared the same magical properties, so you can use any orange flower if that’s all you can get.

You can add as many personal touches to the altar as you like, including a small statue of the deity (if you have one) or else a picture of him. (The hieroglyphic symbols for the gods that appear in each chapter can be used as templates, which you can copy.) You can use an altar cloth of the pertinent colour or place other items upon it that you feel are appropriate – for example, ornaments, feathers or stones of Thoth’s colour.

When you are ready, sit comfortably before your altar. Have some soft music playing in the background that seems right for the occasion. Breathe deeply and slowly for a minute or so with your eyes closed. This helps alter your state of consciousness, so you’re in the right, meditative frame of mind. Then, read out the prayer to Thoth. When you have finished, you can eat a segment of the orange, if you like. It is said that the gods can experience earthly pleasures through humans, so it’s like giving Thoth a taste of the fruit. Make an offering of what is left by casting it out over your garden, or some other patch of earth, for wild animals to consume.

The prayers for each sign have the same basic framework. I do not suggest they are word-for-word facsimiles of invocations used by Egyptian priests, but I have used known titles for the gods, and in some cases, literal Egyptian translations of some of those titles. In other cases, the use of an Egyptian-English dictionary provided the inspiration I needed. Basically, I took the information I had and expanded upon it, using my imagination. This is something you can do yourself too. If you want to, you can expand upon the given prayer to include particular things for which you would like help or inspiration. The most important aspect of doing work of this kind is the amount of your will and intention you put into it.

When you do a magical working, you are putting out your intentions into the universe, making a connection with the source of all, whether you believe that’s a mass of formless energy or a god or goddess. Gods are the masks worn by the universal life energy, so that we, as humans, can understand it and give it a face. Presented in this book are some of the more exotic faces of this energy, and I hope that in understanding a little of them so you will come to understand more about yourself.

Storm Constantine, 2001.