Rainer Maria Rilke hat der Verkündigung des Todes Gottes, die Friedrich Nietzsche jubelnd und doch unter Schmerzen vorträgt, nicht zugestimmt und sie von seinem Werk ferngehalten. ›Gott‹ ist in der Dichtung Rilkes vielmehr auf allen Werkstufen gegenwärtig, obgleich nicht so, als könnten Menschen über ihn ›verfügen‹.

Der in ›Nähe und Ferne‹ anwesende Gott ist in Rilkes Dichtung höchst lebendig, angefangen von der Preisung der unmittelbaren Anrede Gottes im Gebet (»Gott, du bist groß«) bis zum beredten Schweigen angesichts des nahenden Todes. Rilkes Kritik richtet sich gegen den ›Gott‹, über den institutionell verfügt wird, den man zum Besitz erklärt und der ›die Welt‹ entwertet. Die Wirklichkeit des Göttlichen im Leben, die in Rilkes Dichtung zutage tritt und die Leser auf die Frage nach Gott verweist, ruft ein ›Erstaunen‹ hervor, das zur Orientierung im Denken gehört, die Kant als Anlass und als Aufgabe der Philosophie verstanden hat.

Dichtung leistet als solche zwar nicht selbst die gebotene Denkarbeit, sondern ist mit Platons Worten als ein ›ernsthaftes Spiel‹ zu verstehen, das um ›Gott‹ ›kreist‹. Im »Brief des jungen Arbeiters« aus der Zeit des Abschlusses der Elegien erwähnt Rilke seine »Erfahrung«, dass ihm »›Gott‹ zu sagen, so leicht, so wahrhaftig, so […] problemlos einfach sei« (SW VI,1118). Die Hintergründe dieser verblüffenden Leichtigkeit sind zu bedenken und auf ihre Ursprünge, ihre Kontexte und Tragfestigkeit hin zu untersuchen.

Aus diesem Blickwinkel zeigt sich die Dichtung Rilkes als ein ernstes Thema der Philosophie, das Wirklichkeit enthüllt und die Frage nach Gott und dem Göttlichen neu zu bedenken antreibt.

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