Salvo en el Nuevo Mundo, en ningún otro continente o localización geográfica nace un sistema de salud único que tiene sus orígenes en la unión de las bases galénico-hipocráticas del sistema sanitario y científico europeo y la tradición cultural nativa.

La labor de religiosos como fray Alonso de Molina en los primeros años de la Colonia a la hora de conservar elementos culturales indígenas e integrarlos en Lexicografía médica en los textos de Fray Alonso de Molina un nuevo orden social resulta esencial. A través del estudio de la vida y obra de este religioso, trataremos de establecer unas conclusiones acerca de la medicina empleada en la sociedad colonial contemporánea al franciscano (periodo de tiempo que abarca del año 1521 al 1600).

Fray Alonso de Molina destaca por el dominio precoz de la lengua náhuatl, circunstancia que crea en él la habilidad de la comunicación con los nativos y una particular afinidad con sus semejantes, ya sea como ser humano, ya sea a posteriori dentro de su formación como franciscano. El conocer la sociedad desde dentro y, además, no desde una situación de privilegio, le produce la necesidad de intentar mejorar los problemas no solo espirituales, sino también de salud comunitaria.

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