Über sein Leben ist erstaunlich wenig bekannt. Nicht einmal sein Geburtsdatum wissen wir genau. Nur dass er am 5. Juni 1723 in Calw in Schottland getauft wird. Sein Vater, ebenfalls ein Adam Smith, ist um diese Zeit bereits seit zwei Monaten tot. Der Junge wird von seiner Mutter, der Tochter eines wohlhabenden Besitzers, alleine großgezogen. Sein Leben lang wird sie eine seiner wichtigsten Bezugspersonen bleiben.

Die ist in Adam Smiths Kindheit eine kleine Hafenstadt Gerade mal 1500 Menschen leben hier unweit von Eden. Mit Handel und Schifffahrt sind sie wohlhabend geworden. Denn Großbritannien schickt sich an, eine der größten Handels Mächte der Erde zu werden.

Smith besucht in Calw die Schule, wechselt als 14-Jähriger an die Universität Glasgow und erhält 1940 ein Stipendium für die Universität Oxford. Auch damals schon eine der angesehensten Universitäten in Europa. Doch Smith ist eher kritisch.

Wenn jemand sich in Oxford beim Studieren überanstrengt und seine Gesundheit gefährdet, dann ist er selbst schuld. Denn wir machen hier nichts anderes, als zweimal täglich zum Gebet und zweimal wöchentlich zu Vorlesungen zu gehen.

Später wird erzählt, Smith habe schon hier einen unabhängigen Geist bewiesen. Und, um die Langeweile zu bekämpfen, heimlich die Schriften des Philosophen David Young gelesen. Die stehen im traditionellen Oxford auf dem Index. Ob das Gerücht stimmt, wissen wir nicht. Denn über Adam Smiths Leben sind viele unbestätigte Geschichten in Umlauf. Mal betonen sie seinem genialen Geist, mal seine zerstreute Art. 1867 etwa schreibt eine seiner Bekannten, Mary Cook, in ihr Tagebuch.

FRANKREICH IST DIE HOCHBURG DES MERKANTILISMUS. DIE WIRTSCHAFTSFORM IST UNTER LUDWIG XIV. EINGEFÜHRT WORDEN UND WURDE ZUM VORBILD FÜR ABSOLUTISTISCHE MONARCHEN IN GANZ EUROPA. DER STAAT BETREIBT STAATLICHE MANUFAKTUREN UND GREIFT STARK IN DIE WIRTSCHAFT EIN. VOR ALLEM DER AUßENHANDEL WIRD DURCH HOHE EINFUHRZÖLLE RIGOROS KONTROLLIERT. ZIEL DER REGIERUNG IST NUR, ROHSTOFFE EINZUFÜHREN. DENN NACH MÖGLICHKEIT SOLLEN ALLE PRODUKTE IM EIGENEN LAND IN DEN STAATSBETRIEBEN HERGESTELLT WERDEN UND SO AUCH DIE KASSEN DES MONARCHEN FÜLLEN. GERADE DESHALB IST DER MERKANTILISMUS IN FRANKREICH NICHT UNUMSTRITTEN.

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