Erfahren Sie mehr über die literarischen Meister des Horrors und der dunklen Fantasie.

Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) prägte entscheidend die Genres der Kriminalliteratur, der Science-Fiction und der Horrorliteratur. Seine Poesie wurde zum Fundament des Symbolismus und damit der modernen Dichtung. Poes Frühwerk ist beeinflusst von George Gordon Byron sowie von Autoren der deutschen Romantik, wie beispielsweise E. T. A. Hoffmann und Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué. Später wurde er von unter anderem von Charles Dickens, den er persönlich kennenlernte, und Fürst Hermann von Pückler-Muskau beeinflusst. Zu seinen stilprägenden Erzählungen – nicht zuletzt, weil er ein Virtuose des Grauens war – gehören die Kurzgeschichte Der Untergang des Hauses Usher, die als Beispielwerk der Schwarzen Romantik gilt, und Poes einziger Roman Die Abenteuer Gordon Pyms. Mit Der Doppelmord in der Rue Morgue gilt Poe als einer der Erfinder der Detektivgeschichte und des deduktiv arbeitenden Krimihelden, der seine Fälle durch Logik und Kombinationsgabe löst. Poes großes Sujet, das in vielen Geschichten immer wieder auftaucht, ist der Tod einer schönen Frau (Morella, Ligeia, Annabel Lee). Ebenfalls von großer Bedeutung ist sein lyrisches Werk. Der Rabe (englisch The Raven) und The Bells gelten als die ersten bedeutenden Gedichte Amerikas in der Weltliteratur. Poe maß bei der Konzeption seiner Gedichte der Musik und dem logisch-formalen Aufbau einen hohen Stellenwert bei und sorgte oft für die klangliche Veranschaulichung der im Gedicht beschriebenen Dinge (The Bells), was ihn zu einem Vorläufer des Symbolismus machte.

E. T. A. Hoffmann war ein bedeutender deutscher Schriftsteller der Romantik. Außerdem wirkte er als Jurist, Komponist, Kapellmeister, Musikkritiker, Zeichner und Karikaturist. Hoffmann gilt mit seiner Novellistik zeitlich nach Goethe und bis zum Durchbruch der Werke Kafkas nach 1945 als der einflussreichste deutsche Erzähler. Ausgehend von den Gespenstergeschichten des 18. Jahrhunderts, der englischen Schauerliteratur und frühromantischen Märchen, beeinflussten seine Novellen und Erzählungen die Prosa zahlreicher bedeutender Autoren aus der russischen, französischen, US-amerikanischen und spanischen Literatur.

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