En Colombia, como en la mayoría de los países, el Estado se encargó inicialmente de la prestación de los servicios de telecomunicaciones, es decir, los asumió directamente creando un monopolio público en los distintos órdenes territoriales. Este modelo vino aparejado de la auto-atribución de funciones de control, regulación y vigilancia por parte del Estado, pues al estar encargado de la prestación también establecía las condiciones para hacerlo.

Las tendencias económicas neoliberales adoptadas por numerosos países, especialmente de aquellos que hicieron parte del llamado Consenso de Washington,1 así como los procesos de desmonopolización y liberalización del sector de las telecomunicaciones que se dieron en la Comunidad Europea, influyeron de forma considerable en Colombia, logrando así que en la década de los años noventa se expidieran normas tendentes a la autorización de particulares para la prestación de estos servicios.

La rápida evolución tecnológica de las telecomunicaciones, sector en constante transformación y evolución, exigió grandes inversiones de capital para poder garantizar su efectiva prestación, sumas que generalmente el Estado no estaba dispuesto o en capacidad de proporcionar, lo que, sumado a la adopción del modelo económico neoliberal, permitió la consolidación de los particulares en el sector.

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